Publications

Auteur : Marc Pauwels

Description : This paper gives a short overview of the product development process against the background of intercultural aspects. It begins with a description of the basics of culture and the basics of the product development process. The Value Analysis product development process is modified for Intercultural Product Development. The paper is concluded by a comparing the differences in lawnmower design between Germany and England.

Auteur : Peter Ried

Description :

Any development project, no matter in which industry, is connected with different kinds of risk:

 

• Financial risk
• Technical risk
• Schedule risk
• Political risk

   

Value Engineering, consequently and systematically applied in combination with FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis) is an excellent management tool to creatively identify and assess all types of risks mentioned above and also to develop solutions by using different creativity techniques to prevent/eliminate or reduce risk factors and situations for a company.

This paper explains techniques which have been applied very successfully during the past 15-20 years in the manufacturing as well as in the construction industry.

Auteur : James Bolton

Description :

The integration of Value Engineering with Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DFMA) is a powerful combination which many manufacturing organizations are using today to ensure the best value proposition is offered to the customer.   In fact the leading company producing DFMA software, Boothroyd and Dewhurst Incorporated, has just recently released a new version of their software which allows the user to classify all of the components in a bill of material (BOM) for a product into functions for easy identification and sorting.  Value Engineering ensures that the right product to meet the customer needs is offered at the lowest possible cost with the performance or function that the customer demands.  It starts with understanding what your customer requirements are, knowing how to develop those requirements into function terms, assigning costs to those functions, and then ensuring that the product which is designed meets those customer requirements at the cost they are willing to pay for those required functions over the life cycle of the product.  Sounds easy, but without Value Engineering techniques to help manufacturing companies with this process, many organizations fail to deliver the right products to the customer.

After you are sure you know what the customer wants and have an initial concept in mind, DFMA helps manufacturing organizations optimize the design with respect to manufacturing capabilities to ensure that the customer is obtaining a product which truly brings them the best value. Delivering only those functions that the customer wants and minimizing those functions which the customer doesn’t care about, or is not willing to pay for.   

Auteur : James Guyette, ARGO

Description : Case Study of a Rail Road Turnout process for a 50,000 sq ft Turnout manufacturing facility with an overhead crane and three tracks. Value study objectives were to assess existing .turnout manufacturing sites, create future state scenarios and develop options to save CapEx. A key to the success of the value study was looking at the project from both an OpEx and CapEx perspective. A technical fast found value mismatches in the proposed turnout facility. The VA  study involved end users and resulted in quantifiable benefits including a more efficient layout that dramatically reduced FTEs.

Auteur : Mike Pearsall, P.Eng., CVS

Description : A VA study on safety warning systems for Snow Plow equipment resulted in a new standards that are predicted to result in a 10% improvement in driver reaction to snow removal equipment, improving driver safety and a reduction of equipment downtime. The study was the first to bring a research based approach to developing and testing safety warning systems for snow removal equipment. The VA team for this study included members with experience with the harsh operating conditions of snow removal equipment, knowledge of equipment manufacture, equipment markings and lighting, knowledge of human factors and the latest science on driver perceptions and reactions, and general knowledge of operating fleets of equipment. As a result of Ontario developing a standard through this VA study, the Transportation Association of Canada adopted Ontario’s standard as a recommended practice. Therefore, drivers across Canada will eventually benefit from an improvement in the consistency of snow removal equipment visibility and they will therefore be better able to respond appropriately when approaching snow removal equipment. Learn how Ontario planned for the study, staffed the team, and followed up the study results with in field testing.

Auteur : Dr. Jan Alpenburg, Dr. Paul Scarbrough

Description : This research study describes how Target Costing (TC), which is strongly associated with the Value methodology, was attempted as an addition into a traditional Stage-Gate (SG; Cooper, 1990) product development process. A case study was undertaken with the Construction Equipment Group, a manufacturer of heavy construction articulated haulers in Sweden and their attempts to implement target costing. Value Engineering use is limited to target costing during the concept phase and was found to be ineffective in application. The study also found conflict between the Stage-Gate method and TC that is consistent with criticisms of SG raised by Sethi and Iqbal (2008). This includes limitations to learning due to truncation of sub-projects without the iterations in TC.  Aspects of Target Costing that are in conflict with SG-type design processes are identified, in particular, the lack of effective use of Value Engineering and Quality Function Deployment.

Auteur : Guylaine Lebrun

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Auteur : Armin Maes & Sebastian Meindl

Description : The challenge of purchasing in the mechanical engineering industry is primarily to secure acceptance and support for the purchaser’s approach in fields commonly controlled by the technical departments. Value analysis and value management offer expanded options for action and significant potentials of success for purchasing officers. This paper shows how industrial purchasing can make value analysis and value management a success within purchasing and at eye level with the technical departments.

Auteur : Robert Gagné, Knowllence America

Description : Analyse de la valeur et analyse fonctionnelle, innovation et analyse de risque.

Auteur : Erika Ikeda

Description : This paper highlights an innovative application of VE in the food service industry in Japan, specifically the standardization of lighting in a major restaurant chain. One of the challenges faced by the design team was that the customer impression of the lighting varied by location within the restaurant. The VE team established a value index on customer satisfaction based on brain wave analysis of the customers.

Auteur : Sebastian Meindl

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Auteur : Vince Thomson and Arman Oduncuoglu

Description : The ever changing trends in current markets, along with customers’ rising demands for quality, require many companies to make frequent changes to create new products. Due to the challenges in product modification, many companies have adopted a strategy of adaptive design to create new designs by incrementally improving the existing ones.

The proposed model is a specialized calculator which integrates House of Quality (HOQ), Functional Analysis System Technique (FAST), risk assessment, and product complexity analysis to provide an overview of the design process from product attributes and design risk to cost and effort.

The presented tool aims to assist managers with their decision making in new product development project selections, so that the option (solution) which minimizes the detrimental effects and risks of frequent design modifications can be identified and selected.

The proposed tool shows how the risks inherent in product development projects can be monetized by using a functional breakdown of the design and cost structure of a product and displaying these in an easy-to-follow format. It starts with the construction of a FAST diagram which integrates information from House of Quality (HOQ) with techniques from Functional Performance Specification (FPS). Then, it performs a risk assessment at the functional level, and estimates the uncertainty in the profitability of the product. These analyses are repeated for each of the proposed alternative solutions resulting from engineering change. Finally, the monetized risks and profitability of alternative solutions are compared with those from the basic design, and the most effective alternative solution is selected.

In this presentation, the details of the proposed decision support tool are described and illustrated with a simple example of a thermoflask.

Auteur : Dan A. Seni

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Auteur : Timothy Jason Alleyne

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Auteur : Pierre Marquis

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À Sanmina-SCI, nous avons utilisé la technique de VAVE sur plusieurs produits des secteurs industriel et des télécom, tels que  routeur et commutateur internet, le sans-fil RFID (identification par fréquence radio) et les contrôleurs industriels. Durant les derniers 10 ans, nous avons réalisé plusieurs sessions jointes de VAVE avec nos clients principaux, qui ont généré des dizaines de millions de dollars en réduction de coûts, amélioration de la qualité et réduction du gaspillage. Nous allons maintenant présenter notre approche et quelques études cas récentes.

Depuis l'année 2001, conjointement avec un client majeur, nous avons développé une approche accélérée pour conduire des sessions de VAVE, ce qui était nécessaire pour respecter les délais. Nous pouvons compléter une session de VAVE sur un assemblage complexe de PCBA (Printed Circuit Board Assembly ou Circuit Imprimé Assemblé) ou d'un chassis dans une journée. Pour y arriver, nous préparons et distribuons toute l'information requise deux jours avant la session en plénière. Trois phases sont compétées durant la session d'un jour: Analyse fonctionnelle et des coûts, créativité et évaluation des idées. Finalement, les phases de développement  et présentation, suivies de l'implantation et du suivi, sont faites dans les semaines suivantes par des appels conférences hedomadaires.

Auteur : Alain LeBlanc

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Auteur : Alain LeBlanc

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Auteur : Ramez Zalat

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Auteur : Nalini Nanrudaiyan & Yogesh Potdar

Description : Frugal innovation aims at removing all unnecessary features from a product and reducing the cost; which, in turn, increases its market [1-3]. Frugal innovation is not about making things new, but making things better using fewer resources. In this paper we want to discuss the opportunities/ needs for frugal innovation, describe some of the frugal innovations across the globe and explain how value engineering and TRIZ trimming tools can handle the non-essential or the harmful functions of a product that can lead to frugal innovation. The paper makes a case for use of value engineering and TRIZ in frugal innovation through a case study of medical devices for low and middle income countries.  The tool described in this paper, enables private sector companies to make headway in the development and deployment of low cost medical devices which can help provide high technology health care to the vast majority of population in rural areas. Value Engineering is a systematic approach to increase the value of the product by using an examination of the function, while TRIZ is a structured and algorithmic approach to solve any problem creatively. We believe the combination of these tools will enable frugal innovation that lays a pathway to reach the ‘last mile’ of the people.

Auteur : Subbiah Gopalakrishnan

Description : ND is a major cylindrical lock product in Schlage commercial portfolio which offers a variety of functions. Among them is a ND offering that can accommodate a competitor Cylinder. This product claims its importance in a situation where a customer wants to replace the existing lock with a Schlage lock while retaining his old key system. Customer complaints surrounding installation difficulties, misalignment and interference of components resulted in the discontinuation of this function. A root cause analysis performed on the failure, along with application of a VAVE approach not only gave us a robust design that addresses all the concerns but also allowed us to arrive at a cost effective design thus, efficiently bringing the product back to the market.
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Auteur : Xiaoqi Zhang & Vince Thomson

Description : It is difficult to deliver products on time and within budget, and with ever increasing product complexity, the design of a product suffers greater risk of undermined estimation for project completion. Bashir and Thomson (1999a) introduced a method based on functional decomposition (FAST diagram) and a product complexity metric to estimate project effort. The present paper introduces a new complexity metric from the perspective of knowledge. A product is considered to be the result of integrating knowledge-intensive functions; so, the metric measures the complexity of individual functions as well as integration tasks. The application of the new method is illustrated with an example of a hydroelectric generator.

Auteur : Won Jin Sunu

Description : Korea’s best ice maker manufacturer utilizing VE/VM methods is leading the global refrigerator ice making with energy saving of 50% compared with the competitors coupled with creating cost savings over life cycle period of 116 times over the first year’s cost savings. To produce the world class results, the VE/VM methods are utilized extensively. The Enhanced FAST with Sensitivity Matrix is used for enterprise level planning during the implementation phase. After defining the functions, the FAST, Function Analysis and Value Indexing using Paired Comparison Analysis are used in streamlining the functions and processes resulting in cost reduction of 27.4%. Also, for the new technology development, innovative ideas and concepts are developed using TRIZ Technical Contradictions with Inventive Principles and Lotus Blossom Technique, which contributed significantly in reducing the energy consumption by 50% or a total of 42.1 kWh per year.  
The most important performance of VE/VM is to institute an entire organization with innovative minds and capability focusing on the human aspects pursuing the excellence of VE/VM producing VE/VM specialists who contribute for the best of the company as well as in the society by increasing the intellectual capabilities tremendously. 

Auteur : Stephen Holmes

Description : Today’s market place is highly competitive, with significant downward pressure on margins and increasingly high customer expectations of performance. New product introduction timescales are constricted in order to deliver first to market and increase competitive advantage, in parallel increased cost pressures at point of launch and positive contribution margin expectations during ramp up reduce the scope to pass cost challenges down the chain to serial product cost out programs. Enhancement of traditional New Product Introduction through Design to Cost and Value therefore becomes critical to drive customer value whilst also delivering product to launch phase with acceptable margin. The result of this is to ever more closely tie together supply chain strategy, technology development and concept design such that the cross functional team is engaged during all phases within NPI to deliver cost efficient and value enhanced solutions. Therefore developing cost models and affordability targets by function during concept, a common strategy between supply chain and engineering and supplier input to concept design iteration becomes critical to NPI success. Furthermore this approach is required to enhance development velocity through rapid decision making and reduced rework in order to support the time to market challenge and avoid additional burden to the overall NPI cycle. This study will present the application of Design to Cost & Value within NPI, with experience from implementation within GE Distributed Power for a new product and for an existing product upgrade program.